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- #EF
- #T15,4,AMORTIZATION
- #C3,R5
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- ~C~IAmortization means the extinction of a debt, both principal and interest,
- by a series of evenly spaced payments usually equal in amount.~N
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- Each payment is large enough to pay the interest earned by the outstanding
- principal during the preceding period and also to repay a part of the
- outstanding principal. If the payments are equal (as is usually the case)
- they form an annuity.
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- This is a very widely used form of debt repayment. Real estate mortgages,
- automobile loan contracts, and minimum payments on revolving credit cards
- are just a few examples of the use of the annuity form of debt repayment.
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- #EW
- #C3,R5
- As with any other annuity, there are four elements to an amortization
- contract:
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- 1. ~KThe ~C~Iprincipal~N~k - the amount borrowed and to be repaid
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- 2. ~KThe ~C~Irate~N~k - the interest rate on the outstanding principal
- #D1
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- 3. ~KThe ~C~Itime~N~k - that is, the duration of the contract and the time
- between successive payments
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- 4. ~KThe ~C~Ipayment~N~k - the amount of each equal payment
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- Although the most common annuity calculation determines the amount of the
- payment given the other three elements, it is possible (and sometimes needed)
- to calculate any one of the other three when the payment is known.
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- The amortization module in THE FINANCIAL ASSISTANT can be used to calculate
- any one element, given the values for the other three elements.
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- #C3,R5
- ~C~IAmortization Schedules~N
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- Although the amount of each payment in the debt repayment schedule is equal,
- the portions dedicated to interest on the outstanding balance and to repay-
- ment of the principal are continually changing. Likewise, the rate at which
- the debt itself is reduced is continually changing.
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- Therefore, it is common practice to prepare an amortization schedule showing
- the distribution of each payment to interest and to debt reduction, and show-
- ing the outstanding principal after each payment.
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- These schedules are readily produced and displayed by the amortization module
- in THE FINANCIAL ASSISTANT.
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- (Examples of all amortization calculations are contained in the program.)
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